Biography of Robert H. Fuhrman, MBA

Robert H. Fuhrman earned an MBA from Harvard Business School. He was employed for seven years at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, where he served as an economist on the Energy Policy Staff, as acting chief of the Industrial Analysis Branch of the Economic Analysis Division, as acting director of that division, and as a special assistant to the Deputy Administrator. He has worked as an economic consultant for over twenty years, including nine years at Putnam, Hayes & Bartlett, Inc. and five years at The Brattle Group.

Mr. Fuhrman has consulted in over 30-plus ability-to-pay (ATP) and over 200 environmental civil penalty engagements; has testified in federal and state courts, as well as in administrative law proceedings; and has authored over 30 articles on issues related to environmental enforcement. As a result of this experience, he is very familiar with the financial methods, computer models, and decision matrices that U.S. EPA uses to calculate:

1. the economic benefit of noncompliance (the "BEN" model);
2. a corporation's ability-to-pay civil penalties (the "ABEL" model); .
3. the present value of "supplemental environmental projects (EPA's "PROJECT model"); and
4. the "gravity" (or "environmental harm") resulting from alleged violations.

Mr. Fuhrman has assisted in many settlement negotiations with the U.S. Department of Justice, EPA, state governments, and environmental interest groups, and has worked for coalitions of trade associations on filings related to the BEN model and so-called "wrongful profits" that EPA alleges result from noncompliance with environmental requirements.

Mr. Fuhrman has also worked on Superfund cost recovery, hazardous waste insurance, and environmentally-related commercial litigation. In other consulting engagements, he has worked on tort damages, product liability, bank failures, and breach-of-contract cases.